2016高考英语语法填空答案解析,2016高考英语语法
1.广东高考英语试题个全国卷英语试题有什么不同
下面是摘自朱振斌编的《高中英语语法通霸》,希望能解决你的问题。
同位语从句和定语从句
第一部分:考点精讲精练
例题:
He told me the news this morning ______ his father had come back.
A. which B. that C. which or that
答案是B。那么A为什么不可以呢?
要弄明白这个问题,就要搞清楚定语从句和同位语从句的区别。同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面:
A. 从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词;而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句。如:
① We are now looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.
我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题。(同位语从句)
② Word came that he had been abroad.
据说他已经出国了。(同位语从句)
③ Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.
我们队赢了,这让我们很高兴。(定语从句)
B. 从性质上区别
定语从句对其先行词起修饰或限制作用,功能上相当于形容词;而同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,是名词的具体内容,属于名词性从句的范畴。如:
① The news that our team has won the game was true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
(同位语从句,说明news到底是一个什么消息)
② The news that he told me yesterday was true.
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。
(定语从句, 指他告诉我的消息)
③ I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.
我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有。
(同位语从句,补充说明promise的内容)
④ The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.
妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺。
(定语从句, promise在从句中作pleased的主语)
C. 引导词上的区别
i. 引导词that
引导词that引导定语从句时,作从句的一个成分,有时可用which替换,作宾语时常常省略;而that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替。
例:判断下列句子是同位语从句还是定语从句。
① The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.
我们应派几个人去帮别的小组的命令昨天收到了。
② The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.
我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。
解析:
①是同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,不能换为which, 也不能省略。
②是定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以换为which,也可以省略。
ii. how, whether, what虽不能引导定语从句,却可引导同位语从句;who, whose, whom, which, when, where, why除引导定语从句外,也可引导同位语从句。(参看P. 124第1讲)
iii. 定语从句的引导词反映的是先行词的意思,而同位语从句的引导词在意思上和前面的词没有联系。
① The reason that he gave for his coming late was not true.
② The reason that his alarm clock was broken was not true.
在①中,that的意思是reason, 在定语从句中作give的宾语。在②句中,that只起连接作用,不含有the reason的意思。
iv. 在定语从句中,关系副词可以换为“介词+关系代词”,而引导同位语从句的连接副词却不能换为“介词+连接代词”的形式。
① The suggestion where he stressed the importance of exercising was very practical.
② The suggestion where we should exercise regularly is very practical.
在上面的句①中,where可以换为in which;在句②中,where不能换为in which。
例:判断下列句子是同位语从句还是定语从句。
① That question whether we need it has not been considered.
② I have no idea what has happened to him.
③ I haven’t answered the question how I will deal with it.
④ The school where Bob studies is in the middle of the city.
⑤ The decision when we should get started hasn’t been made.
解析:①、②、③是同位语从句,它们是在说明前面词的内容, whether, what和how不能引导定语从句。
④是定语从句,where反映的是先行词的意思,可以换为in which。
⑤是同位语从句。从句是在说明decision的内容。when并没有反映the decision的意思。when也不能改为 at which time。
练习
1. The news ______ he has been elected president of the United States is true.
A. that B which C. what D. where
2. The news ______ you told me yesterday is true.
A. that B when C. what D. where
3. 2006重庆Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class ______ he had to meet his uncle at the air port.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
4. Is this the reason ______ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. that B. what C. how D. why
5. Galileo collected the facts ______ proved the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
A. that B. which C. / D. A and B
6. Galileo discovered the fact ______ the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
A. that B. which C. / D. A and B
7. 2006安徽A warm thought suddenly came to me ______ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A. if B. when C. that D. which
8. 2004上海A story goes ______ ElizabethⅠof England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
9. There is much chance ______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which C. until D. if
10. 2009浙江—Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport ?
—No problem.
A. when B. that C. whether D. what
11. Three days later, word came ______ our country had sent up another man-made satellite.
A. which B. when C. that D. where
12. 2009重庆We should consider the students’ request ______ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
第二部分:综合能力提升
I. 改错(每题只有一个错误)
13. 2007天津However, I was lucky enough to have a teacher who didn’t take my bad grades as a judgement of my abilities, but simply as an indication how I should study harder. how改为that
14. 2007全国ⅡMy school is organizing a basketball team and there' s just a chance which I can join it. (which改为that)
II. 语法填空(每空之多填三词)
15. He made a decision ______ he had to work hard from then on. that
16. He made a decision ______ annoyed his parents. that/ which
17. 2009四川News came from the school office ______ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. that
III. 写作技能提升
18. 我已经自己许下承诺,毕业前我再也不玩电脑了。(make a promise to, graduation)
19. 当消息传来不久你就将回国,我们真的很难过。(sad, word came )
20. 有谚语说“熟能生巧”,因此如果你想学好英语,你必须在它上面多花费时间。(a saying goes that)
21. 我相信如果你尽力而为,有很大的可能性你最后会成功的。(a great chance)
广东高考英语试题个全国卷英语试题有什么不同
1-5 CABCB 6-10ABCAC
11-15 ABCAC 16-20ABCAA 21-25 ACBDC 26-30DAABA
31-35 ACBCA 36-40GFDEC
41-45 BACAD 46-50CADBB 51-55 DACCB 56-60 BADCA
61. of 62.differently
63. who / that 64. to choose
65. was called 66.how
67. a 68.surprised
69. more 70. that
短文改错:
71. ... I become a ... become → became
72. ... quite good in ... good → well
73. ... top student in ...
student → students
74. ... without teachers and ...
teachers前加my
75. ... who teach math ... teach → teaches
76. Under his help ... Under → With
77. ... made a great ... 去掉a
78. But most of ... But → And
79. ... when needing. needing → needed
80. How is going ... How → What
One possible version:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I'd like to make use of the summer vacationto work part-time in your company.
I have decided to do this because I want tomake some money to pay for my school fees. What's more, I can get some workexperience, which will be good for my future work. I think I can do it well.I'm good at English and I can speak it fluently, which makes it easy for me tocommunicate with foreigners. Also, I worked part-time in a foreign company lastyear and I think it will help me do better in your company.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
2016年普通高考广东使用全国统一命题各科试卷说明及指导意见(英语)
英
语
根据广东省教育厅粤教考函[2015]24号文件的要求,从2016年起,广东高考英语学科的笔试部分使用全国卷。为做好高中阶段的英语教学和备考工作,现提出以下分析和建议:
一、试卷结构的异同
(一)听说考试
听说考试保留现行广东省自主命题方式和分值(15分)。该部分的试卷结构、考试内容、考试方式和时间(每年三月份单独进行)等没有任何变化。
(二)笔试部分
全国卷与原广东卷结构的比较:
全国卷:
部分
节
题目数量
单题分值
分数
折算前/后分数
时间(分钟)
第一部分
阅读理解
第一节(四选一)
15
2
30
40/45
40
第二节(七选五)
5
2
10
第二部分
语言知识运用
第一节完形填空
20
1.5
30
45/50.6
40
第二节语篇填空
10
1.5
15
第三部分
写作
第一节短文改错
10
1
10
35/39.4
40
第二节书面表达
1
25
25
总计
61
120
135
120
(其卷面总分为120分,最终成绩按总分135分进行折算,即:卷面总分120分× 1.125=135分,四舍五入取整数计分。)
原广东卷:
部分
节
题目数量
单题分值
分数
时间(分钟)
第一部分
语言知识运用
第一节完形填空
15
2
30
30
第二节语法填空
10
1.5
15
第二部分
阅读
第一节阅读理解
20
2
40
40
第二节信息匹配
5
2
10
第三部分
写作
第一节 基础写作
1
15
15
50
第二节 读写任务
1
25
25
总计
52
135
120
从上表可以看出,与原广东卷相比,全国卷有以下变化:
1.题目的呈现顺序有变化:先“阅读理解”,后“语言知识运用”(原广东卷则相反)。这种呈现顺序的变化将全卷分成了“第I卷”(客观题)和“第II卷”(主观题),有利于客观题与主观题的题号顺序排列以及考生答题思维的过渡。
2.“阅读理解”部分
(1)全国卷第一节的阅读量和题量比原广东卷少。
(2)第二节(七选五),即短文填句。要求从短文后的七个选项中(均为完整的句子)选出五个能填入文章空白处的最佳选项,主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。该题型对现在的广东学生来说是新题型。
3.“语言知识运用”部分
(1)完形填空的篇章长度为250词左右,但设20空,比原广东卷多了5小题,这意味着增加了设空的密度,题目的难度也更大可能会增加。
(2)第二节的语篇填空与原广东卷的“语法填空”形式相似,10空中有7空是用括号里所给词的适当形式填空,难度比原来降低。
4.“写作”部分
(1)第一节短文改错重在考查考生对书面语言的理解分析和监察评价的能力。是本次变化的两个新题型之一。
(2)第二节书面表达要求考生根据所给情景,用英语写一篇100个单词左右的短文。写作由过去的两篇变成一篇,写作的字数要求也比过去大大降低。
5.答题时间
2016年的全国卷广东地区比起使用该套卷的其它省份少了听力部分(30分,用时20分钟),但广东地区的考试时间仍然是120分钟,答题时间比过去宽裕很多。
二、对高三英语教学和备考的建议
1.以上所有变化都是非结构性变化。那么,针对高考新题型的课程设置、教材和课堂教学等都不必有大的改变,只需针对题型所带来的考点变化和语言技能的变化进行适应性训练。
2.对两个新题型要给予重点关注,配以更多训练。
(1)阅读理解的第二节(七选五)要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系,理解句子之间、段落之间的关系,对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征要有较强的意识和熟练的把握,并具备运用语法知识分析理解长句的能力。
此题对学生的语篇能力要求比较高,与信息匹配题考查的能力及做题的技巧完全不同,难度会更大,得分率有可能会低些。建议在阅读教学中加大对语篇分析的指导力度,帮助学生对典型的语篇的结构及语言特征进行归纳与总结,熟练区分段落中不同句子的功能、位置及语言上的特征,如主题句、过渡句、拓展句、总结句等。同时,帮助学生熟悉内容衔接与逻辑连贯的手段,如指代、语篇标记词等。
(2)短文改错题既考查基础语法知识的运用,也考查了学生的语言意识。所给的篇章虽然简单,但由于设置的考点均为学生写作时常犯的词法、句法和语篇连贯的错误,因而较难以辨认,要通过对常见、常考错误进行归类,给出错误检查清单等方式帮助学生对错误进行快速准确的定位。因此,要强化基本的语法知识,加强对语法功能的学习,加大语言准确性的训练。
教师要让学生理解该题型的考查目的、错误的类型、答题的方法等,从答题规范开始训练学生。例如:①
认真阅读短文,在动笔改错之前确保已经弄懂了全文大意、体裁、时态等。②
综合运用所学知识,利用排除法进行答题。注意以下几条原则:主谓一致、时态一致、指代一致、单复数一致、逻辑一致等。
教师和学生可以将此题型结合语法填空并行教与学,互相呼应,彼此促进。找出它们共同的解题技巧,争取短文改错和语法填空都能提高。
3.完形填空加大了设空的密度,难度也会相应增加,且折算后的分值为33.75,分值更高。因此对完形填空的训练力度要加大。
4.语法填空与原广东卷相比更侧重于考查基础语法能力,对基于上下文作出逻辑判断的能力考查相对较少,表面看似乎容易了,但对于学生的语言基础要求高了。备考时要进一步夯实词法、句法知识,保证得分率。
5.书面表达是半开放性的写作,虽然对字数要求远低于过去,但对于文体语言规范、得体性以及内容构思能力的要求并不低。备考时要帮助学生覆盖不同的文体,重点突破应用文和说明文。
6.从结构难度来看,全国卷的考查难度总体略低于原广东卷。在这种情况下,既要坚持夯实语言基础,也不要放弃对学生高级思维能力的培养。原有的一些好的题型训练,如概括、基础写作(内容整合与衔接)等方法的指导,都仍不失为提高学生综合语言能力的有效手段。总之,要确保广州学生的英语能力不下降。
关于各题型备考的具体操作指导,请留意高三年级教研活动及公共邮箱的相关信息。
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