2014年高考英语改错-2014浙江高考英语改错
1.英语改错的一些方法,原则,技巧
2.一道英语改错
3.英语短文敢错中常见的固定短语
4.高考英语短文改错
5.高考英语短文改错...共10个.帮忙改5个左右就好了谢谢..略急
英语改错的一些方法,原则,技巧
一、试题特征
设错类型分两大类:语法错误和逻辑错误,语法错误包括词法错误和句法错误。错词现象主要出现在名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、连词、介词、主谓一致、代词、词形(指应该用动词、名词还是形容问形式,以及平行结构中词的正确形式)、冠词。缺词现象主要出现在冠词(名词前)、介词(不及物动词后或固定结构中)、助动词、不定式符号to,连词、语义不完整现象等方面。多词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。下表为近两年高考短文改错词法设置的主要考点:
二、解题思路
(一)注意英语词汇的曲折变化从历年高考短文改错的命题看,考查英语的曲折附加成份占有相当大的比例。
所谓曲折变化即是各种词形的变化,它是拼音文字特有的表现形式,如:动词的曲折变化,名词的曲折变化,代词的曲折变化,形容词副词的曲折变化等,而汉语则无这种变化。因此在复习时,应充分了解各种词性的曲折变化,针对性地进行专门训练。
1.考查英语动词多变的外在形式,包括时态的曲折变化、现在第三人称单数、被动语态的曲折变化、非谓语动词的曲折变化等。
A.非谓语动词错误
1) I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future! (NMET 2005福建)
析:see改为seeing。look forward to 中to为介词,后接动名词。
2) I may just listen to music; I he some records giving to me as birthday gifts. (NMET
2004全国卷II)
析:giving改为given,过去分词做定语。
3) In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good (NMET 2005湖北)
析:feel改为feeling,考查keep sb. doing
4) I found a small house standing in a field with a light shone from the sitting room (NMET
2005江西)
析:shone改为shining。"with+名词+现在分词”构成的复合结构。
B. 时态错误
1)
Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become strangers at once. (NMET2004)
析:talked改为talk,由后半句可知。
2) I will write again and send you the photos we take together. (NMET 2005)
析:take改为took
C. 语态错误
1) When one student does so, much larger values are destroying. (NMET2005重庆)
析:destroying改为destroyed。
2) After the drive, it was cost just over $ 2 to put the car back into perfect cond至t至on.
(NMET 2005安徽)
析:去掉was。此处cost不用被动语态。
2.考查英语名词的单复数变化
1) And I came to understand that knowledge, could change my life (NMET 2005辽宁)
析:knowledge,改为knowledge.
2) I used to love science class-all of them biology, chemistry, geography, physics. (NMET
2001春季)
析:class改为 classes,山后半句可知。
3.考查英语代词的变化
1) I felt very pleased with me. (NMET 2005天津)
析:me改为myself.
2) This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded "the best car in the
world".(NMET 2005安徽)
析:This改为It, it代替that从句。
4.考查比较形容词、副词的变化
1) It is real a good chance to he met all of you here. (NMET 2005福建)
析:real改为really.
2) It is dishonest and foolishly to help or to ask help from others. (NMET 2005重庆)
析:foolishly改为foolish。
3) (After learning the basics of the subject,) nothing else seemed very practically to me. (NMET 2001春季)
析:practically改为practical,形容词作表语。
5. 考查词性、词形误用。不同的句法功能要求使用与之相适应的词性、词形。
1) There he been reports in America
about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes. (NMET2004卷III)
析:person改为personal,形容词做定语。
2) Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience. (NMET1998)
析:important改为importance。
3) I would describe myself as shy and quietly.(NMFT 2001)
析:quietly改为quiet, describe... as后用形容词。
(二)考查短文中的行文逻辑错误
针对此类试题,考生必须对全文整体理解并根据上下文,才能发现问题所在。考生要根据前后文的选择、因果等其他关系确定使用适当的连词。同时不要忽视and—but;and—or;
not对于整个句意的逻辑关系所造成的根本变化,这也是命题的惯用手法。例如:
1) We liked the dishes you bad cooked but we were hy to learn the English songs you
taught us. ( NMET2007,山东)
析:but改为and。上下文为并列关系。
2)
Unfortunately, I won't be able to meet you at the airport although I he classes in the afternoon. (NMET 2001)
析:although改为as because. 上下文为因果关系。
3) He told me that I'd probably he a heart attack while I started eating less. (NMET
2005广东)
析:while改为unless.
4) First, let me tell you something more about myself. (NMET19 )
析:去掉more,
more与句首first逻辑不符。
(三)短文改错中的一致现象
短文改错中所涉及的一致关系主要包括主谓一致,即谓语动词的单、复数形式要与句子主语保持一致;时态一致,即句中谓语动词的时态要与该句中的时间状语或上下文乃至全文的时态保持一致;代词指代一致,即代词所指代的内容要与该先行词在性和数方面以及要与其自身的指代在意义上保持一致。例如:
1.代词指代一致
l) Some
students may also se up for our college or future use. (NMET 2005)
析:our改为their。主语为some students。
2) More people start a stamp collection of your own (and discover an interest which can
even last a lifetime). (NMET 2004浙江)
析:your改为their,注意代词和主语的一致。
2.主谓一致
1) Hing fun with their friends make them hy. (NMET 2005湖北)
析:make改为makes,
动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数。
2) I did a good job and won the first prize. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in
the library. (NMET 2000)
析:由and连接两个并列成分,如果不是指同一个人或物,或一体性的物如knife
and fork等,谓语动词要用复数形式。故将is改为are。
3.时态一致
1) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my
studies so that I'll get goal marks in all my subjects. (NMET2001)
析:根据全文时态,应将did改为do。
2) During the World Cup in 2002. my dad stays up late just to watch his forite sport.
(NMET 2005浙江)
析:stays改为stayed。
(四)注意短文改错中的平行结构现象
平行结沟是指两个或更多的词、词组或从句具有相似或相等的句法功能。在表达相互平行的概念时.要使用相同的语法结构,即动词与动词相配,形容词与形容词相配,分词与分词相配,不定式与不定式相配,短语与短语相配。平行结构经常借助于并列连词and,
but,or或连词词组not only...but also... , not... but...,either... or...,neither...
nor...,as well as等。例如:
1) I still remember going there early and felt anxious about the new world. (NMET 2005辽宁)
析:felt改为feeling,和going并列。
2) We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. (NMET 2005江苏)
析:keep,改为kept,和named并列。
(五)“画龙还须点睛”......短文改错中的缺词错误分析
1.缺系动词
I'd like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country. (NMET 19)
析:like to后加be.
2.缺介词
But I he spent most my money, so I cannot even go out of town. (NMET 2004)
析:my前加of。
3.缺冠词、物主代词等限定词
1) I hope you've had pleasant journey home. (NMET 2005)
析:pleasant前加a.
2) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (NMET 2001)
析:fire前加the,
4.在定语从句中缺关系代词或关系副词
People do not know each other often become friends after they he played together. (NMET 1990)
析:people后加who,此句缺少定语从句引导词。
5. 缺连接词
I told Mother. Father, Sister, all my friends(here what a great time I had). (NMET 1995)
析:all前加and,最后两个并列成份之间要用并列连词。
6.缺否定词
He is a kind-hearted man and he will refuse to help others at any time.
析:Will后应加not,根据逻辑可知。
7. 缺不定式符号to
My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good
education. (NMET2001)
析:make前加to。不定式表示目的。
8.缺少助动词
Why you think so tinny people still suffer from poverty now? (NMLT 2001广东)
析:Why后加do。
(六)“画蛇何须添足”......短文改错中的多词错误分析
1.受母语思维影响,出现汉语式结构,造成冗言冗言错误的形成主要来自汉英差异的模糊。
对英语惯用语在使用上的细微差异缺乏了解。主要考查程度副词和频率副词,如much,
more,often等的多余;同意的重复现象;句子结构中多余的词以及由于受汉语的影响,多用了某些词语等。例如:
1) Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. (NMET 2000)
析:去掉often,因为whenever表示“无论什么时候”,若用often显得重复。
2) I'll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. (NMET 2000春季)
析:all与the whole重复。只能保留一处,由于此处不表示特指,故只能去掉all。
3) Clever as she is, but she works very hard.(NMET 2004福建)
析:去掉but前一句是让步状语从句。
2.不明词义内涵,造成词义重叠
1) I was a few miles far away from anywhere on a cold, wet night. (NMET 2005江西)
析:去掉far, far和a few miles语义重复。
2) All of us were sitting around the fire in the living room, listening to one of grandma's
best fourite stories.
析:去掉best或forite, best意为“最好的”, forite意为“最喜欢的”,语义重复,所以只保留其中的一个。
3.多介词
1) Will you join in the tourist group organized by our school? ( NMET 2005山东)
析:去掉in。
2) But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. (NMET 2005江苏)
析:去掉for。
3) I won't be able to come in this time. (NMET 2000北京春季)
析:去掉in。作状语的时间名词前有this,
that, these, those, one, all, next, last, tomorrow, yesterday, any, some, every, each等修饰时,其前不能使用介词。
4.多冠词
We he made a great progress. (NMET 2005福建)
析:去掉a, progress不可数。
5.定语从句中的成分重复
1) There are a lot of things I hen't time to do them.
析:去掉them, them和被省略的定语从句引导词重复。
2) He has made a great discovery which I think it is of great importance to science.
析:去掉it, it和which重复。
6. 固定搭配中多限定词
1) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. (NMET 2000)
析:去掉a,句中是固定搭配,表示“(忽然)看见”。
2) …in any other words, I am an only child. (NMET2001)
析:去掉any, in other words为固定搭配,意为“换句话说”。
7.多不定式符号to
Some students may also to se up for their colleges or future use. (NMET 2005)
析:去掉to,情态动词后用动词原型
8.形容词副词前多修饰语
Both the diet and the exercise will help me to lose weight and feel more better. (NMET
2005广东)
析:more改为much。more不能用来修饰better。
三、短文改错题的解题策略
(一)解题步骤
l.通读全文,掌握大意
短文改错不同于单句改错,它涉及行文逻辑及句子与句子间必要的联系错误。单独看可能是对的,但从整体看却与上下文不符。做短文改错时应该树立整体意识,应从短文整体入手,短文改错实际上间接地考查考生的文意理解和纠错能力,所以考生必须在阅读并且在理解文章的基础上去发现并改正错误。因此,事先应该先快速粗读一遍短文,留心文中关键的词句,把握文章的大意及上下文之间的联系,为下一步判断和改错奠定基础。
2.整句理解,逐行分析。
因为短文改错题的特征是分行设置错误的,而不是以句子为一个单位设置错误。考生在进行改错时必须在通读全文的基础上,对照上下文逐行逐字细读,分行判断理清句意,找出上下文之间的内在联系及其行文逻辑关系,推断字里行问的含义,检查句子的结构是否完整,语气是否连贯等。在细读全文时,抓住短文改错的规律,分析要以句子为理解单位,挖掘错误却要以行为单位。总之,在分析句子过程中,考生应对每句话的句子成分进行分析,根据上文讲的错误类型确定正确答案。
3.复读全文,检查核对
回头重读全文验证答案,将初步改错的短文再次细读,检查并验证所做的答案是否能使语气贯通流畅,行文逻辑发展是否合乎情理,语篇结构是否严密完整。在复读检查过程中,既要看清词和句子,更要注意整体的逻辑关系,特别是上下文的联系,既要重视文字、句子的字面意思,又要弄清文字段落的内在含义和内在逻辑关系及篇章结构。还要特别留意文章的意思是否连贯通顺,是否符合逻辑。
(二)须注意的问题
1.在训练和考试中要严格按照题例要求和解题说明,用规定的符号去改错。不要用文字去说明或用箭头去表示,更不能随意在原题中乱划。
2.注意一些改错原则
1)标点符号不改。
2)词序错误不变。
3)大小写不改。
4)改错只能是一一对应,不能把两个或更多的词改为一个词。
5)必须用相近或相反的词更换名词或动词等实词。
3.在平时高三复习过程中,要系统掌握英语语法知识,并能正确运用。注意收集平时易犯错误,重视归纳总结,熟悉错误类型。短文改错与书面表达的训练要相互渗透。在写作时,要注意培养自己的纠错能力。考题中的错误五花八门,但只要有了一定的水平,什么样的试题都能应付。所以练习短文改错时,应尽量从正面入手,牢牢掌握正确的规则。
一道英语改错
1、对 2、“And”改成“But” 3、"by"改成"take" 4、"were"改成"are" 5、"good"改成"well" 6、"at"改成"in" 7、去掉tell 8、"bring"改成"take" 9、"Mr Brown"改成"she" 10、去掉about
以上答案不知是否全对,希望能够帮到你
英语短文敢错中常见的固定短语
高考英语短文改错
常见错误类型
高考英语改错题是考生感到棘手的题型之一。笔者对近几年的高考英语改错题作了细致的分析并加以归类后,发现错误类型主要集中在以下方面。(例题保留原题号)
1. 动词时态
每年都有时态错误的小题,而且改动基本集中在一般过去时与一般现在时之间。时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据。
(1)(2003全国卷)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was... 84. read
(and连接并列谓语)
(2)(2004江苏卷)At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized
(and连接并列谓语)
(3)(2004全国卷) Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk
(根据sometimes可判断此句为一般现在时)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I will write again and send you the photos we take together. 85. took
(把照片寄给你,应该是已经拍好的,用过去时)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ) There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money. 77. is
(从上下文判断,应该是现在时,谓语用is)
(6)(2005江苏卷)We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept
(and连接并列谓语)
2. 名词单复数
单复数互改是高考英语改错题的基本题型之一,改动的依据有:一是根据名词前的修饰限定成份;二是根据上下文的逻辑关系。
(1)(2003全国卷)Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85. words
(是把word改为words 还是把were改为was,根据名词前的修饰限定词their来决定。)
(2)(2004江苏)that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months
(several修饰复数名词)
(3)(2004全国卷Ⅰ) a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes
(a few修饰复数名词)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)But one and a half year later. 79. years
(one and a half意思为一年半,故判断此处year应为复数形式)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)There are advantage for students to work... 76. advantages
(从there are 判断应该用名词复数)
3. 句子结构
句子结构方面的错误范围庞大,解答高考英语改错题主要可以从以下几方面来思考:1)句子结构是否完整,成份是否冗缺;2)单词的词性与其在句中的功能是否相符;3)主谓一致;4)复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。
(1)(2004 全国卷)I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I he classes in the afternoon. 78. because/as
(复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当)
(2)(2004 全国卷Ⅱ) I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. 81. why
(复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当)
(3)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use. 78. work
(缺谓语动词)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything if they like. 79. allows
(主语是动名词短语Earning their own money,谓语应该用单数)
(5)(2005江苏卷)But the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability. 84. was
(主语是第三人称单数)
4. 赘述
高考英语改错题中的赘述是指在一些固定表达中或从上下文逻辑来看用了多余的词,从而使句子表达不合规范或造成逻辑上的重复。
(1)(2003全国卷80)I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 80. should
(并列谓语,should多余)
(2)(2004 全国卷)Can you tell me about what I should do? 85. about
(tell sb about/of sth或tell sb接从句)
(3)(2004重庆卷)I had to look up to the same word many times, ... 78. to
(look up a word查字典)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Some students may also to se up for their college or future use. 84. to
(情态动词may后接动词原形)
(5)(2005江苏卷) But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. 83. for
(but是连词for是介词,不能并列)
5. 固定结构(固定句型、固定短语、固定搭配)
所谓固定结构是指英语中一些不能随意更改的习惯表达。如固定短语中的词不能缺,固定搭配要前后一致等。
(1)(2003全国卷81)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was ... 81. talking
(enjoy doing为固定短语)
(2)(2004 全国卷Ⅰ)I am sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. 79. at
(laugh at sb. 固定短语)
(3)(2004 浙江卷)from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world. 82. with
(provide ... with为固定短语)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 76. for
(thank sb for sth)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ) or for permission to do things by money. 83. with
(with money)
6. 冠词
英语中冠词只有三个,从高考英语改错题的角度来看,只能从以下几个方向出题:1)不定冠词a和an互改;2)不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改;3)根据需要增删冠词。
(1)(2004 全国卷Ⅲ)I will he to decide what I want to do over a weekend. 77. the
(根据句义是特指这个周末)
(2)(2004江苏卷)When I was ∧boy, ... 76. ∧a
(我是一个男孩,应用不定冠词 a.)
(3)(2004 辽宁卷)This was my first visit to a English family. 78. an
(English开头字母是元音,应该用an)
(4)(2004重庆卷)I started writing down words from ∧ books that I read. 82. ∧the
(名词后由从句修饰时,应使用定冠词)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I hope you’ve had∧pleasant journey home and will come to China 83. ∧a
7. 代词
代词不仅要与其所指代对象一致,其运用还要符合上下文的语气及逻辑关系。
(1)(2004 浙江卷)And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own ... 78. their
(指代对象应一致)
(2)(2004湖北卷)You he to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. 83. them
(pupils 是复数,后应该用替代复数名词的代词。)
(3)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Some students may also se up for our college or future use. 85. their
(指代对象应一致)
(4)(2005江苏卷)We often play a trick on himself. 79. him
(play a trick on sb)
8. 连词及与并置问题
连词连接的前后两部分是否合乎逻辑;并列连词所连接的前后两部分结构是否等同。这两点是解答连词及其相关问题的关键所在。
(1)(2004江苏卷)My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. 79. and (从句意可知,此处表并列关系,应用and)
(2)(2004全国卷Ⅳ)My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there. 82. and
(并列关系,“于是、同时、然后”等意思)
(3)(2004全国卷Ⅱ)I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 77. quiet
(连接的词性应一致)
9. 易混淆的词或词组
易混淆的词既包括词意相同或相近的同义词、近义词,也包括外形相似、意义有别的词组。易混淆词或词组的辨析也是高考改错题中不容忽视的部分。
(1)(2004全国卷Ⅰ)Finding information on the Net is easily. 83. easy
(be easy 非常容易,形容词做表语)
(2)(2004福建卷)She called 119 immediate. 84. immediately
(副词做状语)
(3)(2003全国卷)I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 78. everything
(在陈述句中一般用everything)
(4)(2004 重庆卷)...but I had terribly problems memorizing them. 77. terrible
(作定语应用形容词)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)My pronunciation was terribly. 78.terrible
(系动词后用形容词作表语)
以上错误类型的划分不一定很科学,但至少能为考生解答高考英语改错题提供思考方法。一旦考生认清了高考英语改错题的特点、解题方法以及错误类型,解题时就不会盲目从事,而能做到有的放矢。
短文改错题常见的错误类型
1、冠词的多用、少用、混用。
2、名词 的数与格的误用。
3、主谓不一致的错误。学生往往容易忽视定语从句中强调句型中的主谓一致性。
4、代词的指代不一致的错误。代词的指代一致性包括人称、数、格和性四方面的统一。代词的人称可分为第一、二、三人称和非人称;代词的数分为单数和复数;代词的格分为主格、宾格、所有格还有名词性物主代词;代词的性分为阳性、阴性和中性。
5、动词的时态、语态和语气的误用。多数动词有时态、语态、和语气变化形式,还有上下文的时态呼应,主从句的时态一致。
6、非谓语动词的误用。非谓语动词的难点主要体现在V—ing形式和过去分词的用法区别、V—ing形式与不定式的用法区别、以及非谓语动词的时态、语态的正确运用。
7、形容词、副词的混用及其比较等级的误用。形容词一般在句中作定语修饰名词或代词,作表语说明主语的性质、特征;而副词的作用较复杂,常常修饰形容词 、副词 、介词短语、动词或全句。形容词和副词比较等级的误用现象:①省略不当;②自身比较;③修饰语的误用;④than连接的两个比较对象不一致或不平行。
8、关联词语的误用。关联词分并列连词 and,but,or,so,when等,从属连词——各种从句的引导词。关联词语的误用除涉及到其基础知识,还涉及至行文逻辑关系。短文改错题惯用的命题手法是:①and,but,or,so等之间的混用;②because与so并用;③although与but并用;④why 与because并用;⑤come与go混用;⑥here与there混用。
9、平行结构的误用。平行结构是指用一连串作用和结构相同的或相似的成份表达同一范畴或同一性质、密切关联的内容。平行结构有词之间的平行、词组之间的平行、句子或从句之间的平行、段落之间的平行。在平行结构中常用的并列连词 有and,but,or,than等。
10、成分的多与少——多一词或少一词。多或少的词语,常见于冠词、介词、不定式标记to等,不过有时也可能是实义词。在短文改错中常出现repeat back,serve for等错误。这类错误大多由于学生受汉语表达习惯的影响,或对英语词义的理解不够准确造成的。
11、固定搭配、习惯用法和介词的误用。短文改错中涉及到固定搭配、习惯用法常常多用、少用或误用其中的介词,有时也涉及到其中的动词、冠词的错误搭配。
短文改错题常见的错误类型剖析
1、多词
①多冠词。I caught a sigh of my English in the crowd。[析]sight是不可数名词,且cath sight of是固定搭配,意为“看见”。故应去掉a。
②多介词。We practice for three times every week。此例中是作时间状语的名词短语多了介词,故应去掉for
③固定搭配中多词。I was used to watch it 。此 例属于used to do 与be used to两个固定搭配的误用,据句意应去was。即“过去常常”之意。
④行文逻辑上多词。First,let me tell you something more about myself .由first可知是刚刚开始向别人讲述自己的事情,故只能说something ,而不要加more.
⑤词义重复。I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. the whole weekend 意为“整个周末”,再加上all ,词义重复。故去all.
⑥出现冗言现象。Today I visited the Smiths __my first time visit to an American family . 本句中first 修饰visit ,vsit 此处为名词,意为“我的第一次访问”,time多余。
2、缺词
①名词前缺限定词。The day before the speech contest English teacher talked to me .根据上下文分析,此处English teacher 是有所指的,指的是“我的”英语教师,故应English teacher 前加上my ,表达一个更确切的概念。
②缺动词不定式符号to. I’d like very much come but I he an examination on Monday morning .would like 后面不能直接加动词,需to,构成固定搭配would like to do something,意为“想做某事”。
③缺系动词。What your forite sport ?本句缺谓语动词,应在What后面加is .
短文改错的解题步骤
1、通读短文,把握文意。快速阅读短文,了解短文大意,利用短文大意攻克文中的错误,切忌拿到短文提笔就改。2、依据句意和语法逐句判断。错误是按行设置的,但找错不是以行为单位寻找,必须依据句意和语法分析,逐句或跨行寻找错误。3、先易后难,逐类排查。先找出比较明显的错误,逐步缩小 错误的范围。十行之中有一行是正确的。4、利用行文逻辑,突破改错难点。有些行文逻辑错误,从词法、句法的角度看是正确的,但是通过上下文的逻辑分析就会发现是错误的。
5、复读短文,检查答案,注意行文逻辑关系的正确合理。
6、严格按照试题要求答题,万万不能随心所欲解题。
短文改错的解题技巧
1、利用排除法进行短文改错,所谓“排除法”就是在理解单句或短文大意基本把握住文章整体时态的前提下,行不离句,句不离文,将句子分成若干语段,逐一排除,使错误缩小到最小范围。再根据基础知识进行扩散性思考,从而快速找到答案。
2、发现有平行结构,就要检查是否有用词不一致或因成分短缺而引起的句子不平衡错误。如:She was eating her sandwich and drank her milk at the table when I arrived .此句中并列的平行结构是两个语法上相同的谓语,故应把drank改drinking.
3、发现有比较结构,就要检查是否有形容词、副词的比较级,比较的对象等方面的错误。如:In some places you can borrow many books as you want ,根据上下文不难发现该句含“as……as”结构的句子,所以应在many前加上as。
4、发现有转折、因果、对比等结构时,就要检查是否有行文逻辑方面的错误。如:His company publishes books and he buys books all over the world .按行文逻辑,应把buys 改sells.又如:I like singing ,my brother likes dancing .英语中两个分句之间不能仅仅用逗号,而要用合适的连词连接。故以上两个分句之间要加上连词while 表示对比。
5、发现句子有多重结构,就要检查是否有时态、语态、连词或成分短缺等错误。如:He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there .该句犯了连词重复使用的错误,应去掉immediately.
6、发现有特殊疑问句结构,就要检查是否有疑问词使用不当的错误。如:---How many was the price of your car ?---I bought the car at cheap price ,only S2,000.英语中问价格时,可用what price 或how much 提问。回答时常用high price low price .所以应把句子中的How many 改为What ,把答句中cheap 改为low.
7、发现有名词和代词时,就要检查是否有数、所有格或指代不一致的错误。如:Some people read the books or watch TV, while others he sports .去掉books前的the ,books在此表示泛指。
8、发现有固定短语时,就要检查副词、介词、冠词是否使用错误。如:Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd .caught sight of (看见)是固定词组,所以要去掉a.
9、发现并列主语、从句、不定代词、集合名词、非谓语动词、时间、金钱等作主语,together with, as well as 等引导的成份修饰主语时,就要检查是否有主谓不一致的错误。如:Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit .but also 后面的分句的主语也是playing football,其谓语动词应当用单数,故give应改为gives .
10、发现有特殊动词结构时,就要检查其特殊用法是否正确。如:He made me to post a letter for him .英语中的感官动词see; look at ;watch ; notice; observe ; hear; listen to 等,使役动词let ;make ; he 等后面所跟的复合宾语中,如果由不定式的短语作宾语补足语,不定式须省去to.故应去掉句中的to.
11、发现有非谓语动词作状语、表语或定语时,就要检查是否有非谓语动词和逻辑主语不一致的错误。如;The box is too hey for the little boy to carry it .该句型中不定式to carry 逻辑上的宾语就是句子中的主语,所以句中的it是多余,应去掉。
短文改错题中动词错误的解题思路
1、如果该动词在句中作谓语,可考虑其时时态和语态。如:Anyone may borrow books ,and it cost nothing to borrow them (cost----costs) 如:Books may be keep for two weeks (keep kept )
2、如果该动词不作谓语,可试着改成非谓语动词形式。如:I look forward to hear from you soon .(hear -----hearing ) 如:play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also (play-------playing )
短文改错的考点分析
短文改错是一种对基础知识与综合技能的检测题。它主要检测考生对词法、句法和语篇中的行为逻辑等的把握。
1、词法:主要涉及名词的单复数;人称代词的性、数、格;不定代词和连接代词的用法;动词的时态和语态;情态动词和非谓语动词的用法;定冠词不定冠词的用法;并列连词和从属连词的看法;介词的搭配;形容词和副词的区别及其比较级和最高级的用法;词语的固定搭配和习惯用法等。
2、句法:各类从句的连接;主谓一致;省略与替代;否定句型;强调句型;句子结构的连贯性、完整性等。
3、语篇:短文时态的前后呼应、代词的前后一致、逻辑的前后顺应等。
短文改错中错词的误用
1、名词单复数误用。She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. 根据句意分析,schoolmate应改为复数形式。
2、非谓语动词误用。I was often a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV demands very little effort .根据句意分析,and连接两个不同的事情,故watch 应以动名词watching 作主语。
3、连词误用。It looks as if my parents treat ,me as a visitor and a guest !分析后各知。本句话意思为“看起来我的父母亲把我当成了visitor或gust 了。“二者为选择关系,而非并列关系,故应将 and改为or.
4、关系代词与关系副词误用。I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.此句后一部分是非限制性定语从句,应用关系代词which作主语。
5、限定词误用。We may be one family and live under a same roof .same 意为“同样的”,前面应加定冠词the ,而不是a。
6、词义辨析误用。They did not want me to do my work at family .family 侧重指“家庭这个结构或家里人”,而home 则侧重指“家庭的所在地”。因此“在家里”应用at home.
短文改错中“一致性”问题
1、主谓一致
2、时态与语态的一致
3、代词先后指代一致
4、名词数的一致
5、平行结构中的一致
6、全文写作逻辑语义一致
高考英语短文改错
1 roach改为roaching
2 so改为too
3 mentally改为mental
4 phenomena改为phenomenon
5 is改为are
6(删去a) plenty of
7 take改为taking
8 yourselves改为yourself
9 follow改为following
10 but改为and
如果你满意我的答案,请点击本页面的“选为满意回答”按钮,谢谢!
高考英语短文改错...共10个.帮忙改5个左右就好了谢谢..略急
第三行1.what改成if 2.spend time improving
倒数第五行3.much改成more
倒数第三行4.positive不是副词
正数第五行5.on改成at
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