高考名词考点-高考名词考点总结课件
1.年高考二轮专题训练:名词
2.高考英语考点
3.高考常考词语解释?
4.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-名词的复数形式之二
5.高考英语语法考点总结
年高考二轮专题训练:名词
名词 , 1. (2006上海) When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main _______ was the fear of water.
A. evidence B. crisis C. obstacle D. danger
答案:C
解析:句意“当Jane刚上游泳课时,对水恐惧是她遇到的主要障碍”,故选C。, 2. (2007上海) My morning _______ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.
A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine
答案:D
解析:本题考查名词的词义辨析。句意“我造成的例行活动包括在公园里快走和边吃早饭边看报”,故选D。, 3. (2009天津) I’m trying to break the _______ of getting up too late.
A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure
答案:C
解析:句意“我正努力改掉玩起的习惯”。tradition风俗,传统;convenience方便,便利;habit习惯;leisure休闲。, 4. (2009湖北) Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _______ building.
A. respect B. friendship C. reputation D. character
答案:D
解析:句意“独自徒步旅行可能会很有趣并且有益于健康,或许对意志的磨练也有好处”。respect尊重,爱戴;friendship友谊;reputation名誉,荣誉,声望;character性格,品格,品质,特点,特性。又如:The little boy showed great character returning to school after earthquake.在地震发生后,小男孩重返学校表现出来他的顽强。, 5. (2009湖北) In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a _______ for everyone to stand up.
A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure
答案:A
解析:句意“在课堂上, *** 响起,老师会合上书就是我们要起立的信号”。signal信号;chance机会,运气;mark分数,标志;measure措施,办法,尺寸。, 6. (2009江西) The _______ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _______ car.
A. girl’s; Tom’s B. girls’; Toms’ C. girls’; Tom’s D. girl’s; Toms’
答案:C
解析:句意“那些女孩子的鞋子沾满了泥巴,因此在上汤姆的车之前我让她们把鞋子脱掉”。由右面的them可知,此处的“girl”应为复数形式,因此其所有格形式应该是“girls”形式,而名词Tom的所有格直接在其后加’s即可。, 7. (2009安徽) China has got a good _______ for fighting against the flu with its careful and *** ooth anization.
A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge
答案:A
解析:句意“在抗击流感方面,中国以细致和流畅的组织而获得了良好的声誉”。Reputtion声誉;influence影响;impression印象;knowledge知识。, 8. (2009山东) -- He says that my new car is a _______ of money.
-- Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?
A. lack B. load C. question D. waste
答案:D
解析:句意“他说我新买的小汽车浪费钱。”“难道你不认为这是吃不到葡萄说葡萄酸吗?”lack缺乏;load负荷;question问题;waste浪费。, 9. (2009陕西) From their _______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can he a better view of the city.
A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation
答案:B
解析:句意“从他们在电视塔顶的位置,游客们可以更好地看到这个城市”。本题考查名词语义辨析。stage阶段,舞台;position位置,地位,姿势;condition条件,环境,情形;situation形式,环境。, 10. (2009福建) The World Health Organization ge a warning to the public without any _______ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.
A. delay B. effort C. schedule D. consideration
答案:A
解析:句意“当H1N12009年4月在墨西哥爆发时,世界卫生组织立即向公众发出了警告”。Without delay = immediately立即。, 11. (2009浙江) The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _______ to the digital resources of the library.
A. access B. passage C. way D. roach
答案:A
解析:句意“设计这个系统的目的是让学生迅速、方便地使用图书光的数据”。access to固定短语,意为“有权使用,有机会接近”。, 12. (2008天津) Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _______ like coal, gas and oil.
A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products
答案:A
解析:句意“许多空气污染是由燃烧像煤、天然气和油等燃料所造成的”。, 13. (2008安徽) To se some of the human languages before they are fotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Se Our _______”.
A. sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices
答案:D
解析:根据句意只有voices可以代替languages。, 14. (2008江西) -- Shall we go out for a walk?
-- Sorry. This is not right _______ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.
A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance
答案:A
解析:句意“我们出去走走吧?”“对不起,真不凑巧,我太累了,走不动了”。此处为“……时刻”的意思,用the right/very moment表示“正好”的意思,而situation“情形”,place“地方”,chance“机会”,都不符合句子的意思。, 15. (2008湖北) The young man made a _______ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.
A. prediction B. promise C. plan D. contribution
答案:B
解析:语境说这个年轻人向父母保证/承诺,他毕业后会自食其力。Make a promise表示“许诺”。其他选项的含义:A“预测”,C“”;D“贡献”。, 16. (2008湖北) The top leaders of the o countries are holding talks in a friendly _______.
A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon
答案:A
解析:句意“这两个国家的高层领导在友好的氛围中进行交谈”。A“氛围,气氛”;B“(人或物本身所处得)状态”;C“处境,境遇”;D“现象”。, 17. (2008浙江) Dogs he a very good _______ of *** ell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.
A. sense B. view C. means D. idea
答案:A
解析:句意“狗有灵敏的嗅觉,经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者”。此处sense表示“感觉;感官”。后三项分别表示“观点,方法,主意”,都不符合常识。, 18. (2008山东) I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale, it was a real _______.
A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business
答案:B
解析:句意:在甩卖中买的这条裙子只花了10美元,所以应该是一个便宜货(bargain),而不是“交换(exchange)”。如果不注意主语it指的是上文所说的dress,就会误选“trade(贸易)”和“business(交易)”。, 19. (2007山东) I can’t say which wine is best — it's a(n) _______ of personal taste.
A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety
答案:C
解析:matter意为“,问题”。根据所提供的情景,“I can’t say which wine is best”可判断出没有说那种酒最好,因为这是个人口味的问题。, 20. (2007安徽) The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a mon _______ in many parts of the city.
A. look B. sign C. sight D. earance
答案:C
解析:sight意为“视觉,风景”,表示“在这个城市的大部分地方都能看见把衣服悬挂在街上的景象”。look意为“样子,外表”,a sign意为“记号,符号”。earance意为“出现,露面,外貌,外观”。, 21. (2007福建) -- You are always full of _______. Can you tell me the secret?
-- Taking plenty of exercise every day.
A. power B. strength C. force D. energy
答案:D
解析:energy, power, strength和force均可表示“力量”,但energy意为“能量”,尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现出的生机勃勃的力量,多用作不可数名词。You are always full of energy.表示“你总是经历充沛”。Power意为“能力”,词义丰富,可指内在的或外在的力量,还可指权利。Force意为“力量”,常指促使物体运动的力量,也可指势力、武力或暴力,可用作可数名词和不可数名词。Strength意为“体力”,常指人体或物体内存在的力量,如力气,是不可数名词。, 22. (2007湖北) Despite such a big difference in _______ towards what one eats, there is no dou that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.
A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight
答案:C
解析:attitude“态度”,常与towards连用,表示“对……的态度”。表示人们在饮食方面的态度有很大不同。, 23. (2007陕西) He and his wife are of the same _______; they both want their son to go to college.
A. soul B. spirit C. heart D. mind
答案:D
解析:mind“愿望,想法”。根据所提供的情景“they both want their son to go to college”可判断出,他和他的妻子有一个共同的愿望。, 24. (2007天津) One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living _______.
A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges
答案:B
解析:expense“(时间、精力、金钱等的)消耗,花销,费用”。根据上下文的“One thousand dollars a month”可判断出“一千美元虽然不是一大笔钱,但够生活之用”。, 25. (2007辽宁) Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _______ of exercise.
A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand
答案:B
解析:lack“缺乏”。根据常识可判断出健康问题与不良饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼有关。
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高考英语考点
识在于积累、学习在于思考
1
2015
年高考英语语法单选超级归纳
一、冠词
冠词分为不定冠词(
a, an
)
,定冠词(
the
)
,和零冠词。
I.
不定冠词的用法
1
指一类人或事,相当于
a kind of
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2
第一次提及某人某物,非特指
A boy is waiting for you.
有个男孩在等你。
3
表示“每一”相当于
every
one
We study eight hours a day.
4
表示“相同”相当于
the same
We are nearly of an age.
5
用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或
事
—
Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?
—
Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.
A.
不填
B. a
C. the
D. one
That boy is rather a Lei Feng.
(活雷锋)
6
用于固定词组中
a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, he a walk, many a time
7
用于
quite, rather, many, half, what, such
之后
This room is rather a big one.
8
用于
so(as, too, how)+
形容词之后
She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
9
用于抽象名词具体化的名词前
success(
抽象名词
)
→
a success(
具体化
)
成功的人或事
a failure
失败的人或事
a shame
带来耻辱的人或事
a pity
可惜或遗憾的事
a must
必需必备的事
a good knowledge of
精通掌握某一方面的知识
II.
定冠词的用法
1
表示某一类人或物
In
many
places
in
China,
___
bicycle
is
still
___
popular
means
of
transportation.
A. a; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. the; the
2
用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean
3
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Would you mind opening the door?
4
用于演奏乐器
play the violin, play the guitar
5
用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
the reach, the living, the wounded
6
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
(对比上文的不定冠词用法
5
)
—
Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?
—
Sorry, we don’t he ____ Johnson here in the village.
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. /; the
D. the; /
7
用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
He is the taller of the two children.
8
用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前
the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French
9
用于表示发明物的单数名词前
The compass was invented in China.
10
在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代
in the 1990’s
(
二十世纪九十年代
)
11
用于表示度量单位的名词前
I hired the car by the hour.
12
用于方位名词,身体部位名词
He patted me on the shoulder.
III.
不用冠词(又名零冠词)的用法
1
专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前
Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2
名词前有
this, my, whose, some, no, each, every
等限制
I want this book, not that one. /
Whose purse is this?
3
季节,月份,星期,节日,一日三餐前
March, Sunday, National Day, spring
4
表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前
Lincoln was made President of America.
5
表示球类,棋类等运动的名词前
He likes playing football/chess.
6
与
by
连用表示交通方式的名词前
We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving
across ______ continent.
A. the; the
B.
不填;
the
C. the;
不填
D.
不填;不填
7
以
and
连接的两个相对的名词并用时
husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night
知识在于积累、学习在于思考
2
8
表示泛指的复数名词前
Horses are useful animals.
二、
名词和主谓一致
I.
名词的种类
专有名词
普通名词
国名地名人名,团体机构名称
可数名词
不可数名词
个体名词
集体名词
抽象名词
物质名词
特别注意名词类别的相互转换
个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换
例
句
意
义
名词性质
①
She held some flowers in her hand.
②
The trees are now in flower
花儿
个体名词
开花
抽象名词
①
Youth is beautiful.
②
He is a youth of twenty
青春
抽象名词
年轻人
个体名词
①
They he achieved remarkable success in their work.
②
—
How about the Christmas evening party?
—
I should say it was a success.
成功
抽象名词
成功的事
个体名词
物质名词与个体名词的相互转换
例
句
意
义
名词性质
①
Iron is a kind of metal.
②
Please lend me your iron.
铁
物质名词
熨斗
个体名词
①
He broke a piece of glass.
②
He broke a glass.
玻璃
物质名词
玻璃杯
个体名词
①
I bought a chicken this morning
②
Please help yourself to some chicken
小鸡
个体名词
鸡肉
物质名词
抽象名词与个体名词的转换
具有动作意义的抽象名词加用
与某些动词(如:
he
等)连
用,表示某一次短暂的动作
①—
I’d like______information about the management of your hotel,please.
—
Well, you could he____word with the manager. He might be helpful
A.some,a
B.an,some
C.some,some
D.an,a
②
They sent us
word of the latest henings.
消息
(抽象名词)
A.a
B.an
C./
D.the
③
Could we he
word before you go to the meeting?
话(个体名词)
A.a
B.an
C./
D.the
类例:
he a dream/a rest/a smoke/a swim/a trip/a wash/a discussion/a look
take a walk/a bath
make an advance(
进步
)/make an early start(
早点出发
)
/make a decision/make a change/give a cry of pain(
发出痛苦的叫声
) /give a try
表示知识和时间的抽象名词转
换为普通名词时可以用来表示
其中的一部分
①
Many people agree that___knowledge of English is a must in____international trade today.
A.a,
/
B.the, an
C.the, the
D. /, the
a knowledge of truth(
知道实际情况
)
give a fuller knowledge of China(
提供关于中国更为翔实的知识
)
he a knowledge of shorthand(
有速记的知识
)
②
If there were no examination, we should he______at school.
A.the hiest time
B.a more hier time
C.much hiest time
D.a much hier time
③
is money.
A.The time
B.A time
C.Time
D.Times
抽象名词转换为普通名词可用
来表示“一次、一阵、一种”
具体的行为、、现象或结
果。这时名词前往往有形容词
修饰
①
Oh, John. _____you ge me!
A.How a pleasant surprise
B.How pleasant surprise
C.What a pleasant surprise
D. What pleasant surprise
②
She looked up
when I shouted.
A.in a surprise
B.in the surprise
C.in surprise
D.in some surprise
其它例子:
The gift came as a complete surprise to me. We he had some unpleasant surprise
③
It is_____work of art that everyone wants to he a look at it.
A.so unusual
B. such unusual
C.such an unusual
D.so an unusual
II.
名词的数
规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加
-s
或
-es
(参看有关语法书)
。英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,请
看下表
规
则
例
词
1
改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式
man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2
单复数相同
sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species
3
只有复数形式
ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents
知识在于积累、学习在于思考
3
4
一些集体名词总是用作复数
people, police, cattle, staff
5
部分集体名词既可以作单数
(整体)
也可以作复数
(成
员)
audience,
class,
family,
crowd,
couple,
group,
committee,
,
population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
6
复数形式表示特别含义
customs(
海关
),
forces(
军队
),
times(
时代
),
spirits(
情绪
),
drinks(
饮料
),
sands(
沙滩
),
papers(
文件报纸
),
manners(
礼貌
),
looks(
外表
),
brains(
头脑
智力
), greens(
青菜
), ruins(
废墟
)
7
表示
“某国人”
加
-s
Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans
单复数同形
Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
以
-man
或
-woman
结
尾
的
改
为
-men,-women
Englishmen, Frenchwomen
8
合成名词
将主体名词变为复数
sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends
无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数
grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches
将两部分变为复数
women singers, men servants
III.
主谓一致
规则
情
况
举
例
语
法
一
致
原
则
以单数名词或代词动词不定式短语,
动名词短语或从句作主
语时,
谓语动词一般用单数形式;
主语为复数时,
谓语动词
用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.
To study English well is not easy.
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
What he said is very important for us all.
由
what
引导的主语从句,
后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,
但若表语是复数或
what
从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构
时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
what I bought were three English books.
What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.
由连接词
and
或
both
and
连接起来的主语后面,
要用复数
形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物
时,它后面的谓语就用单数形式。由
and
连接的并列单数
主
语
前
如
果
分
别
有
no,
each,
every
或
more
than
a
(an)/one,many
a
(an)
修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
either, neither, each, every
或
no+
单数名词和由
some, any no,
every
构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。
.
Lucy and Lily are twins
The writer and artist has come.
Every student and every teach is in the classroom.
Many a boy and many a girl likes it.
No boy and no girl likes it.
Each of us has a new book.
Is everyone here today?
Somebody is speaking in class.
Everything around us is matter
若
none
of
后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单
数。若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可
以。
None of the sugar was left.
None of us has (he) been to America.
在定语从句里,关系代词
that, who, which
等作主语时,其
谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.
He is one of my friends who are working hard.
He is the (only) one of my friends who is working hard.
在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致
It is I who am going to the cinema tonight.
It is we who are going to the cinema tonight.
如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数形式;
如果它指的集体的成员,其谓语动词用复数形式
The police are looking for the lost child.
The cattle are eating grass in the field.
His family has moved to the south .(
他的一家
)
His family are watching TV.
(他的家人)
Class four is on the third floor.
(四班)
Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.
(四班的学生)
由
a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/ heaps of/ the rest of/the
majority
of+
名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数
+
名词构
成的短语作主语时,
其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词
的数而定。
There are a lot of people in the classroom.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
50 percent of the students in our class are girls.
此外,还有
a number of +
复数名词有类似的用法(用复数)
,但
the number of +
复数名词的数就得依
number
而定(用单数)
A number of students he gone to the farm to help the farmer pick
les.
The number of pages in this book is three hundred.
在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致
There comes the bus.
On the wall are many pictures.
Such is the result.
Such are the facts.
Between the two hills stands a monument.
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高考常考词语解释?
高考语文中,成语是必考点,每位同学都要积累一定的成语知识。下面请欣赏我给大家带来的相关内容。
大全
1 白驹过隙:比喻时间过得很快,就骏马在细小的缝隙前飞快地越过一样。白驹,骏马。
2 杯弓蛇影:比喻疑神疑鬼,妄自惊慌。
3 杯水车薪:用一杯水去救一车著了火的柴。比喻无济于事。
4 别无长cháng物:没有多余的东西。形容穷困或俭朴。
5 不足挂齿:不值得一提。谦虚说法。
6 哀鸿遍野:比喻 *** 呼号、流离失所的灾民到处都是。哀鸿,哀鸣的大雁,比喻悲哀呼号的灾民。
7 安步当车:古代称人能安贫守贱。现多用以表示不乘车而从容不迫地步行。安,安闲。
8 安土重还:安于本乡本土,不愿轻易迁移。重,看得很重。
9 嗷嗷áo待哺bǔ:形容受饥饿的悲惨遭情景。嗷嗷,哀号声;哺,喂食。
10 筚bì路蓝缕:驾着柴车,穿着破旧的衣服去开辟山林。筚路,柴车。蓝缕,破衣服。形容创作的艰苦。
11 抱残守缺:形容保守不知改进。
12 不足为训:不值得很为效法的准则。训,准则。
13 不可理喻:没法跟他讲道理。形容蛮横或固执。比喻,使明白。
14 不胫而走:比喻讯息传得很快。胫,小腿。
15 不负众望:不能使群众信服。孚,使人信服。
16 不为wéi已甚:指对人的责备或处罚适可而止。已甚,过分。
17 不塞sāi不流,不止不行:比喻旧思想文化不予以破坏,新思想、新文化就不能树立起来。
18 不以为然:不认为是对的,含有轻视意。然,对,正确。
19 不以为意:不放在心上,不加注意。
20 不刊之论:形容不能改动或不可磨灭的言论。刊,削除,修改。
21 不瘟不火:指戏曲不沉闷乏味,也一急促。瘟,戏曲沉闷乏味;火,比喻紧急、急促。
22 侧目而视:斜着眼睛看人,不敢用正眼看。形容拘谨畏惧而又愤怒的样子。
23 出神入化:形容技艺达到了绝妙的境地。
24 不即不离:不接近也不疏远。即,接近。
25 不卑不亢:对待人有恰当的分寸,既不低声下气,了不傲慢自大。卑,低下;亢,高。
26 不稂láng不莠yǒu:比喻人不成材,没出息。稂、莠,田里的野草。
27 不落窠臼:比喻有独创风格,不落旧套。
28 不容置喙huì:不容别人插嘴。喙,嘴。
29 城下之盟:敌军到了城下,抵抗不了,跟敌人订的盟约。泛指被迫签订的条约。
30 诚惶诚恐:惶恐不安。原是君主时代臣下给君主奏章中的套语。
精选
1 曾几何时:时间没有过去多久。
2 曾经沧桑:比喻曾经见过大世面,不把平常事放在眼里。
3 蚕食鲸吞:用各种方式侵占吞并。蚕、鲸,名词作状语
4 沧海一粟sù:比喻非常微小。粟,谷子。
5 从善如流:接受善意的规劝,如同水流向下那样迅速而自然。
6 大快人心:坏人坏事受到惩罚或打击,使大家非常痛快。
7 大而无当:虽然大,但是不合用。
8 大智若愚:某些有才智有才能的人不露锋芒,表面看来好像很愚笨。多含褒义。
9 大器晚成:指能担当大事的人物要经过长期的锻炼,所以成就比较晚。
10 当仁不让:遇到应该做的事就要勇于承担,不谦让,不推托。仁,正义,正义的事,引申为应该做的事。
11 得陇望蜀:比喻贪得无厌,含贬义。
12 登堂入室:比喻学识或技能由浅入深,循序渐进,逐步达到很高水平。
13 顶礼膜拜:比喻崇拜到极点,含贬义。
14 东山再起:东晋谢安退职后在东山做隐士,后来又出任要职。比喻失势之后,重新恢复地位。
15 豆蔻年华:指女子十三四岁的年纪。语出唐代杜牧诗。
16 对簿公堂:簿,文状起诉书之类。对簿,受审问。指公堂上受审。
17 多事之秋:事变很多的时期。
18 耳濡目染:耳朵经常听到,眼睛经常看到,不知不觉地受到影响。濡,沾溼。
19 耳熟能详:听的次数多了,熟悉得都能够详尽地说出来。
20 耳提在命:不但当面告诉他,而且揪著耳朵叮嘱。形容恳切教导。语出《诗经》。
的人
高考英语语法:高中英语语法-名词的复数形式之二
《高中英语语法-名词的复数形式之二》由liuxue86我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。
名词的复数形式之二
果认为它表示的是这个队的所有成员,就用复数动词:
Our team are wearing their new jerseys.
我们这个队的队员们都穿着新运动衫。
这些名词后面需要带所有格形容词时,复数动词+their要比单数动词+ its常用一些,虽然有时两者都可以用:
The jury is considering its verdict.
陪审团正在考虑裁决。
The jury are considering their verdict.
陪审团成员们正在考虑裁决。
I. 有些词总是复数形式,并和复数动词连用:
clothes衣服
police警察
由两部分组成的服装用复数:
breeches马裤
pants(男用)短衬裤
pyjamas睡衣裤
trousers裤子
由两部分组成的工具和仪器用复数:
binoculars双筒望远镜
glasses眼镜
pliers钳子
scales天平
scissors剪刀
shears大剪刀
spectacles眼镜/护目镜
还有其他一些词用复数:
arms武器
damages损害/赔偿
earnings收入
goods/wares商品/货品
greens蔬菜
grounds(建筑物周围的)庭院,场地
outskirts郊外
pains费心,辛苦
particulars细情
prenises/qusrters房屋/住所
riches财富
sings储蓄
spirits烈酒
stairs台阶,楼梯
surroundings环境
valuables贵重物品
J. 有一些以ics结尾的词从形式上看是复数,通常也要跟复数动词。这些词有:
acoustics音响效果
athletics体育运动
ethics道德/学
hysterics歇斯底里发作
mathematics数学
physics物理学
politics政治
例句如:
His mathematics are weak.
他的数学学得不好。
但学科的名称有时是单数:
Mathematics is an exact science.
数学是一门精密的科学。
K. 形式上是复数但意义上却是单数的名词包括news:
The news is good.
消息很好。
还包括某些疾病的名称:
mumps流行性腮腺炎
rickets软骨病,佝偻病
shingles带状疱行疹
这一类中也包括某些游戏的名称:
billiards台球(俗称?打弹子?)
bowls滚木球(保龄球)
darts掷飞镖
dominoes多米诺骨牌游戏
draughts([美]checkers)国际象棋
L .一些源自希腊或拉丁的外来词在构成复数时,依照各自原有的规则变化:
crisis/?kraIsIs/,crises/kraIsI:z/危机
erratum,errata印刷或书写的错误,勘误表
memorandum,memoranda备忘录
oasis/?eIsIs/,oases/+u?eIsI:z/绿洲
phenomenon,phenomena现象
radius,radii半径
terminus,termini铁路或公共汽车的终点
但是有些外来词依照英语的规则而变化:
dogma,dogmas教条
formula,forrmulas公式(科学家仍用formulae)
gymnasium,gymnasiums体育馆
有些词的两个复数形式意思不同:
endix,endixes/endices(医学术语)阑尾
endices(书的)附录
index,indexes(书的)索引
indices(数学术语)指数
音乐家对意大利文 《高中英语语法-名词的复数形式之二》由liuxue86我整理
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